Abstract: Taking the typical steel pipe grade S31254 as the object，the laws of changing of the processing plasticity and the metallographic structure of the high Mo super austenitic stainless steel tube as occurring during the manufacturing process are studied. The said S31254 stainless steel tube is produced with the hot extrusion+3-pass cold-rolling process；the precipitated phases like σ as occurring in the previous process is eliminated with relevant high temperature heat treatment process；and the intermediate steel tube is first hold at 1 150～1 180 ℃ with 5~10 min，and then is fast cooled down with a velocity over 350 ℃/min. All the S31254 super austenitic stainless steel tubes as produced in batch are satisfactory to applicable technical requirements in terms of mechanical property，metallographic structure and corrosion resistance，etc.