Abstract: Described here in the paper are the main changes between the new edition of GB/T 10561—2023 Determination of Content of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel—Micrographic Method Using Standard Diagrams and the previous one，and the main differences between this standard and ISO 4967：2013 and other related standards. It is identified via the comparison that the new edition of GB/T 10561—2023 has learnt some good practices as specified under ASTM E45-18a（2023）—Standard Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel. In the new edition，beside clearer descriptions about the composite inclusion，the precipitate phase and the inclusion class，etc.，some contents as in the documentary appendixes of the old edition like sampling and specimen preparation have been removed into the text of the new edition. Moreover the numerical values of overall length of Class 3.5~5.0 inclusion are also added in the new edition，but no standard diagrams for the scope of this very class are provided，and some contents concerning the result representation have been revised，which needs attention，when using the new edition.